On the Usage of Boron Mines as Digital Money/Investment Tool
Özet Görüntüleme: 73
/ 
PDF İndirme: 31
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10445320Anahtar Kelimeler:
Digital Money, Boron Mines, Investment Tool, Full Reserve Banking, Fractional Reserve BankingÖzet
The aim of this study is to reveal the usability of strategic minerals, especially boron, as digital money and to bring strategic natural resources such as boron, trona and rare earth elements as investment tools and digital money to the attention of society and decision makers and to raise awareness. Within the scope of this study, boron mine was discussed and an attempt was made to raise awareness about other mines in the example of boron mine. Boron mine is a strategic mine in which potential new usage areas will be revealed through R&D studies, in addition to its current widespread usage areas in a wide range of industries. 73% of the world's known visible measured reserves of boron mine are in Türkiye. One of the reasons why countries are most affected by economic crises is that the money released by the country's central banks does not have a one-to-one equivalent in metal or foreign currency in the central banks, that is, fractional reserve banking is the system applied in the world. In this study, the usability of boron mine in full reserve banking was evaluated within the economic paradigm, and the suitability of boron mine as both digital money and investment tool was tried to be revealed. As a result of the study, it was revealed that boron mine is suitable and suitable for full reserve banking and can be used as digital money. It is also predicted that such an application will contribute to the change in the investment habits of Turkish people and that under-the-pillow gold investments will decrease significantly. Therefore, it is predicted that a significant portion of the capital waiting idle under the pillow will be directed to investment. It has also been concluded that by using boron as a digital currency, R&D studies on boron will be increased, with the advantage that a significant portion of the world's reserves are in Türkiye, and the boron market will grow accordingly. Most importantly, it has been concluded that the country's economy will gain resistance, especially against externally focused crises, and the country will have a stronger economy.
Referanslar
S. Orman, “Modern İktisat Literatüründe Para, Kredi ve Faiz,” in Para, Faiz ve İslâm Tartışmalı İlmî Toplantı, İstanbul: İslami Araştırmalar Vakfı (İSAV), 2015, pp. 11–84.
B. Aybakan, “Nakit,” Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi. p. C.32, 324-326, 2006.
A. Akyıldız, “Para,” Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi. p. (C. 34, ss. 163-166), 2007.
A. Vural, S. Kaya, N. Başaran, and O. T. Songören, Anadolu Madenciliğinde İlk Adımlar. Ankara, Türkiye: Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, MTA Kültür Serisi-3, 2009.
S. Kaya, N. Başaran, T. Songören, A. Vural, and Ö. Kayadibi, “Evaluations Related To Mining Archeology (Geo-Archeology) in Amasya City,” in 7th International Symposium on Eastern Mediterranean Geology, 2010.
A. Vural, M. N. Ural, and A. Çiftçi, “Analysis of Energy Raw Material Coal , Industrialization and Industrial Revolution Phenomena with N-gram,” Journal of Investigations on Engineering & Technology, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 11–20, 2022.
A. Vural and A. Çiftçi, “An Analysis of Some Concepts Related to Environmental Issues and Development by N-Gram,” Euroasia Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, vol. 8, no. 19, pp. 18–28, Jan. 2021, doi: 10.38064/eurssh.158.
M. Altan and S. A. Çürük, “Modern İktisat Bilimi Açısından Para ve Faiz,” in Fıkhi Açıdan Finans ve Altın İşlemleri (Tartışmalı İlmî Toplantı), 2012, pp. 29–45.
N. Wallace, “Fiat Money,” The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics (C.3). Palgrave Macmilla, pp. 304–310, 2008.
M. C. Jensen and W. H. Meckling, “Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure,” Q North-Holland Publishing Company, 1976.
A. Vural, A. Çiftçi, and M. N. Ural, “Precious Stones and Colonialism,” in 73rd Geological Congress of Turkey, 2021, pp. 237–241.
A. Vural, A. Çiftçi, and M. N. Ural, “Kıymetli Taşlar ve Sömürgecilik: Dijital Veri Materyallerinin Analizi Örneğiyle (Precious Stones and Colonialism: Example of Analysis of Digital Data Materials),” Euroasia Journal of Mathematics, Engineering, Natural & Medical Sciences, vol. 7, no. 13, pp. 122–134, 2020, doi: 10.38065/euroasiaorg.404.
A. Vural and A. Çiftçi, “Analysis of Raw Material Supply-Demand Relationship Using N-Gram: Chrome Mine Example,” Euroasia Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2021.
A. Çiftçi, M. N. Ural, and A. Vural, “Baz metalleri̇n dünya si̇yasi̇ tari̇hi̇ndeki̇ önemli̇ olaylarla bağlantısının retrospekti̇f li̇teratür taramasi yöntemi̇ i̇le araştırılması,” International Social Sciences Studies Journal, vol. 6, no. 60, pp. 1453–1461, 2020.
A. Vural, N. Ural, and A. Çiftçi, “Değerli Metallerin Sosyal / Siyasal / Ekonomik Olaylarla İlişkisinin N- gram Yöntemi İle Değerlendirilmesi,” Social Mentality and Researcher Thinkers Journal, vol. 6, no. 29, pp. 247–257, 2020.
N. Lewis, Gold: The Once and Future Money. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007.
F. A. Hayek and J. T. Salerno, Prices and Production and Other Works on Money, the Business Cycle, and the Gold Standard. Ludwig von Mises Institute, 2008.
B. Gözübenli, “İslâm Hukuk Kültüründe Para,” in Para, Faiz ve İslam (İlmî Toplantı), 2005, pp. 85–132.
A. Çiftçi, M. N. Ural, and A. Vural, “Investigation of the Relationship between Base Metal (Pb-Zn-Cu) and Social/Political/Economical Events by N-gram Analysis,” in 4. Uluslararası GAP Sosyal Bilimler Kongresi, 2019, pp. 116–124.
A. Bayındır, “Başlangıçtan Günümüze Kadar İslam Toplumunda Madeni Paralar ve Kağıt Paralar,” İstanbul Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 2, pp. 15–36, 2000.
J. Huerta de Soto, Money, Bank Credit, and Economic Cycles. Auburn: Ludwig von Mises Institute, 2006.
A. Hasan, S. Mashita, S. Audinata, A. F. Haya, and R. Amrulloh, “The Concept and Role of Money in Modern Economy: An Islamic Perspective,” Jurnal Ekonomi Syari’ah & Bisnis Islam, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 194–207, Aug. 2023, doi: 10.51411/rahat.4.2.2020.254.
A. Haseni, Fıkhi ve İktisadi Açıdan İslam’da Para. İz Yayıncılık, 1996.
A. Vural, M. N. Ural, and A. Çiftçi, “Yenilenebilir ve Nükleer Enerji Kaynaklarının Retrospektif Değerlendirilmesi,” Journal of Investigations on Engineering & Technology, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 115–134, 2022.
A. Vural, M. N. Ural, and A. Çiftçi, “N-Gram Analysis of Raw Material Supply-Demand Relationship: In Case of Chromium,” in International Black Sea Coastline Countries Symposium-5, 2020, pp. 60–61.
J. Olbrys, “The Global Financial Crisis 2007-2009: A Survey,” SSRN Electronic Journal, vol. 2008, no. September 2008, 2021, doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3872477.
M. Adachi-Sato and C. Vithessonthi, “Bank risk-taking and corporate investment: Evidence from the Global Financial Crisis of 2007–2009,” Global Finance Journal, vol. 49, no. March 2020, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.gfj.2020.100573.
G. Davies, A History of Money: From Ancient Times to the Present Day, 3rd ed. University of Wales Press, 2002.
P. Ivanov and R. Werner, “The Currency School vs The Banking School: A New Integrationist Paradigm,” SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=4335809 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4335809, pp. 1–35, 2023.
C. Viñuela, J. Sapena, and G. Wandosell, “The future of money and the central bank digital currency dilemma,” Sustainability (Switzerland), vol. 12, no. 22, pp. 1–21, 2020, doi: 10.3390/su12229697.
M. McLeay, A. Radia, and R. Thomas, “Money Creation in the Modern Economy,” Bank of England Quarterly Bulletin, vol. 529, no. Q1, pp. 15–27, 2014.
D. Ricardo, Plan for the establishment of a national bank. London: John Murray, 1824.
P. Lainà, “Proposals for Full-Reserve Banking : A Historical Survey from David Ricardo to Martin Wolf.,” Economic Thought, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 1–19, 2015.
J. . Tobin, “A Case for Preserving Regulatory Distinctions.,” Challenge, vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 10–17, 1987, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/05775132.1987.11471196.
J. Tobin, “Financial Innovation and Deregulation in Perspective,” Bank of Japan Monetary and Economic Studies, vol. September, pp. 19–29., 1985.
Z. Ahmad and A. G. Ismail, “Full reserve system and the Maqasid Shariah,” Journal of Emerging Economies & Islamic Research, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 58–66, 2017.
M. Tanrıverdi, M. Uysal, and M. T. Üstündüğ, “Blokzinciri Teknolojisi Nedir ? Ne Değildir ?: Alanyazın İncelemesi,” Bilişim Teknolojileri Dergisi, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 203–217, 2019, doi: 10.17671/gazibtd.547122.
M. Şimşek and M. Samar, İslami Finans ve Finansal Teknolojiler (Fintech) Blokzincir-Akıllı Sözleşmeler-Kripto Paralar. Konya, Türkiye: NEU Yaşınları, 2020.
N. Szabo, “Formalizing and Securing Relationships on Public Networks,” First Monday, vol. 2, no. 9, Sep. 1997, doi: 10.5210/fm.v2i9.548.
BİGA, “BİGA Projesi,” 2023. [Online]. Available: https://biga.takasbank.com.tr/. [Accessed: 14-Oct-2023].
K. K. Chatterjee, Uses of Industrial Minerals, Rocks and Freshwater, no. July. Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2009.
Eti Maden, “Bor Sektör Raporu (Mayıs 2020),” Ankara, Türkiye, 2020.
Etimaden, “Etimaden Bor’a Dair,” 2023. [Online]. Available: www.etimaden.gov.tr. [Accessed: 10-Oct-2023].
K. K. Chatterjee, Macro-economics of mineral and water resources. 2015.
K. K. Chatterjee, Uses of Metals and Metallic Minerals. NEW AGE INTERNATIONAL (P) LIMITED, PUBLISHERS, 2007.
N. Y. Ör, “Türkiye Bor Madeni Sektörü’nün Porter’ın Elmas Modeline Göre Rekabetçilik Analizi,” Yalova Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, 2019.
İndir
Yayınlanmış
Nasıl Atıf Yapılır
Sayı
Bölüm
Lisans
Telif Hakkı (c) 2023 Euroasia Journal of Mathematics, Engineering, Natural & Medical Sciences
Bu çalışma Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License ile lisanslanmıştır.
Dergimizde yayımlanan makaleler, 