QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND HYDROGEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF GAZLIGÖL (İHSANIYE-AFYONKARAHISAR, TURKEY) WATER RESOURCES

Abstract

The study area includes Gazlıgöl (İhsaniye) and its surroundings located approximately 21 km north of Afyonkarahisar province. In this study, it is aimed to determine the hydrochemical properties of the water resources in the study area and their usability for different purposes. With this scope, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), main anion-cation and NO₃ contents of a total of 19 groundwater samples in the region were determined. According to the results obtained, the pH values of the water resources in the region vary between 7.1 and 8.1 and the average is 7.7, which is basic water. The electrical conductivity values are between 110 and 1927 µS/cm, with an average of 461 µS/cm. The dominant water types in the region are Ca-Na-HCO₃, Ca-Mg-HCO₃, Ca-Mg-HCO₃-SO₄, Na-Ca-HCO₃ and Na-Ca-HCO₃-SO₄.

World Health Organization (WHO) and Turkish Standards Institute (TSE 266) standards were used to evaluate the usability of water resources in the study area as drinking water and it has been determined that only the samples H16 and H18 can be unfavorable to use as drinking water. Electrical conductivity, sodium percentage, sodium adsorption rate, residual sodium carbonate, Kelley index, permeability index parameters, Wilcox and US Salinity Laboratory Diagrams were used to evaluate the suitability of water resources as irrigation water. According to the results obtained, it was determined that all waters were suitable for irrigation water, except for samples HG16 and HG18. In addition, in terms of the industrial use properties of the water resources, HG1, HG11 and HG19 samples are in the "bubbling waters when boiling" class, while the HG16 and HG18 samples are in the "highly foaming waters when boiling" class. HG9, HG10, HG11, HG13, HG16, HG18 and HG19 samples in the class of “carbonate precipitations occur” and this type of water can cause rotting and calcification.