ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC DIVERSITY AMONG Vicia sativa L. CULTIVARS BY TOTAL PROTEIN PROFILE, CYTOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION

Abstract

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is an important food and feed legume because of the nutritional value of its seed protein and starch content, high biomass, and resistant environmetal conditions. It is commonly grown as a crop for human consumption. In this study, seeds of 5 cultivars of Vicia faba were evaluated for the nuclear DNA, chromosome count, and total protein amount. 5 different vicia faba seeds were cultured on MS basal medium at a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C under a 16 h light photoperiod with the light intensity of 97 µmol m-2 s-1 for 2 weeks. The amount of nuclear DNA was measured by flow cytometry analysis with leaf samples. Chromosome count was made by taking samples from root tips of 5 different faba bean (Vicia faba) cultivars. SDS PAGE analysis was produced bands between 140 kDa and 25 kDa. SDS PAGE also analysis displayed the accumulation of proteins in leaves. In terms of SDS PAGE analysis, Kansur exhibited the most abundant protein, followed by Tarım Beyazı and Ankara Moru. Total protein amount is the lowest in Ankara Pembesi. The amount of nuclear DNA content ranged from 3.53 pg to 11.11 pg. According to flow cytometry results, there was no significant variation between nuclear DNA contents of Kansur and Tarım Beyazı, Ankara Pembesi and Ankara Moru. The four Vicia faba plants showed the same chromosome numbers as 2n= 2x= 12. However, 2n= 2x= 14 number was detected in the root tips of the Kansur. Kansur displayed that nucleat DNA content and protein accumulation was higher the other cultivars.