Gıda İşleme Atıklarındaki Değerli Bileşenler ve Mikrodalga Destekli Ekstraksiyon ile Bunların Geri Kazanımları Üzerine Kapsamlı Bir Derleme


Özet Görüntüleme: 176 / PDF İndirme: 59

Yazarlar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8418318

Anahtar Kelimeler:

Gıda atığı, mikrodalga destekli ekstraksiyon, yan ürünler, katma değerli bileşenler

Özet

Gıda endüstrisinde, gıda işleme sırasında büyük miktarda atık ya da yan ürünler ortaya çıkmaktadır. Gıda atıklarının yeniden kullanılması ve azaltılması hem çevre hem de gıda güvenliği için oldukça önemlidir. Gıda atıkları genellikle biyoaktif bileşikler, doğal pigmentler, biyokimyasallar, enzimler ve biyoyakıtlar gibi değerli ürünlere dönüştürülebilen bileşenler bakımından zengindir. Bu bileşiklerin atıklardan ekstraksiyonu, bu değerli bileşenleri elde etmek için yaygın bir uygulamadır. Bu bağlamda mikrodalga destekli ekstraksiyon (MASE), hızlı hacimsel ısıtma özelliğinden dolayı geleneksel yöntemlere göre verimli ve çevre dostu bir ektraksiyon yöntemi olarak ele alınmaktadır. MASE kapalı bir kapta çalıştırıldığında, çözücünün kaynama noktasından daha yüksek bir sıcaklığa ulaşmasını sağlayarak kütle transferini hızlandırmaktadır. Bu nedenle, elde edilmesi zor bileşenler bile birkaç dakika içinde kolayca ekstrakte edilebilmektedir. Bu derleme, gıda atıklarında bulunan katma değerli bileşenler ve mikrodalga ısıtmanın temelleri hakkında kısa bir teorik bilgi sunmaktadır. Ayrıca, mikrodalga destekli ekstraksiyonu ile gıda atıklarından elde edilen değerli bileşenler üzerine yapılan son çalışmaları da özetlemektedir. MASE'nin ekstraktın kalite özellikleri üzerindeki etkisinin yanı sıra işlem parametreleri açısından faydaları tartışılmaktadır. Derlemede sunulan bilgiler, gıda atıklarının değerlendirilmesi sırasında uygun ekstraksiyon yöntemlerini seçmede gıda işleyicilerine yardımcı olacaktır.

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Yayınlanmış

25.09.2023

Nasıl Atıf Yapılır

Hazal, F., Özbek, H. N., Göğüş, F., & Koçak Yanık, D. (2023). Gıda İşleme Atıklarındaki Değerli Bileşenler ve Mikrodalga Destekli Ekstraksiyon ile Bunların Geri Kazanımları Üzerine Kapsamlı Bir Derleme. Euroasia Journal of Mathematics, Engineering, Natural & Medical Sciences, 10(29), 164–184. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8418318

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