Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of Chloramphenicol on a Canine D-17 Osteosarcoma Cell Line
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https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17127287Anahtar Kelimeler:
Chloramphenicol, Canine Osteosarcoma, ApoptosisÖzet
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone tumor in canines current treatment options are limited and often ineffective, necessitating the exploration of alternative therapeutic strategies. Chloramphenicol (CAP), a broad-spectrum antibiotic, has recently gained attention for its potential antitumor properties in various cancer cell lines. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of chloramphenicol on the canine D-17 osteosarcoma cell line to investigate its potential as a novel therapeutic agent. D-17 cells were cultured and treated with varying concentrations of chloramphenicol (ranging from 50 µg/mL to 500 µg/mL) for 24, 48, and 72 hours. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. Apoptosis was evaluated by ELISA using a canine-specific commercial kit for apoptotic markers caspase 3, 8, and 9. The potential effect of chloramphenicol on the colony-forming capacity of cells was evaluated using the crystal violet staining method. Changes in the mineralization ability of the cells were analyzed through the Alizarin Red S staining technique. Additionally, alterations in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity in osteosarcoma cells following chloramphenicol treatment were quantitatively determined using a colorimetric method. Chloramphenicol exhibited a high dose- and time-dependent cytotoxic effect on D-17 cells, with significant reduction in cell viability observed at concentrations ≥ 250 µg/mL. Caspase-3 activity was significantly elevated in treated groups. Chloramphenicol demonstrates significant cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects on canine D-17 osteosarcoma cells in vitro. These findings suggest a potential repurposing of this antibiotic as an anticancer agent in canine osteosarcoma, warranting further in vivo studies and clinical evaluation.
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